when referencing a website in an essay
APA Website Citation
Web sites do not include subscription databases
- Examples are not double-spaced, but your References list should be double-spaced
- Examples do not show indented lines after the first line, but yours should be indented
- Omit any information not found (author, organizational sponsor, date published or updated, etc.).
According to APA Style, if a webpage is part of a greater website do not italicize the title.
If the source stands alone (e.g. a report) it is italicized.
It is always important to validate a website before using it in your academic work. For more information visit http://guides.library.lincoln.ac.uk/learningdevelopment
- If a website does not have an obvious author, you can often find more information in the ‘About us’ section.
- When possible, include the year, month, and date in references. If the month and date are not available or if the website is not updated regularly, use the year of publication only.
- If you refer to an entire professional website, you do not need to include an entry in the reference list. You must identify the title of the source clearly in the text of your paper (capitalised but without special punctuation) and provide the electronic address in brackets.
- However, when you cite a particular document or piece of information from a website include both a reference list entry and an in-text citation.
- When citing sources that you find on the Internet you only need to include a retrieval date if the information you viewed is likely to change over time. If you reference an article from a wiki, for example, you would want to include a retrieval date because information in a wiki can be subject to a lot of change.
- Author (surname followed by initials).
- Year of publication (in round brackets).
- Title of article (in single quotation marks).
- Title of journal (in italics).
- Issue information – volume (unbracketed) and, where applicable, part number, month or season (all in round brackets).
- Page reference.
- doi (if available).
In an effort to simplify journal referencing, as long as the journal reference provides enough bibliographic information for the article to be located, other elements no longer need to be included, for example [Online], database title and URL.
BBC News (2014) ‘Lights out’ ends day of WW1 centenary commemorations. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-28632223 (Accessed: 17 October 2012).
To be made up of:
In the sentence (narratively): According to Kokkinos (2007), employers cause burnout when employees are stressed by too much work.
Quote: Kokkinos (2007) described burnout as “a negative affective response occurring as result of chronic work stress” (p. 2).
If the information that you are seeking is not on the page that you are looking at, move up the website. For example: if the web page www.something.com/article.htm does not contain information such as the author, move up to www.something.com to find the information.
In this web site, the author of the blog was found toward the middle of the page. By scrolling down the page the information was located.
As of 11th edition, AMA recommends lowercase internet and website, as well as removing the hyphen from email. Other e- compounds retain their hyphen, e.g. e-cigarette and e-book. Capitalize the word that follows e- in title case, e.g. “State Restrictions on e-Cigarette Use.”
Web sites:
Include a works cited page to be included after the last page of the essay. The works cited will contain the list of all sources used to compile the information used in the essay.
Cite the website by placing the name of the website’s editor or author in parenthesis at the end of the sentence containing information from the cited website source.
References:
http://www.citefast.com/styleguide.php?style=APA&sec=Webpage
http://guides.library.lincoln.ac.uk/c.php?g=110736&p=717960
http://libguides.ioe.ac.uk/c.php?g=482485&p=3299866
http://libguides.ioe.ac.uk/c.php?g=482485&p=3299862
http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/apa/citations/narrativeandparenthetical
http://umb.libanswers.com/faq/146437
http://guides.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/AMA/websites
http://penandthepad.com/cite-website-essay-8455671.html
http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/all-resources/writing/harvard/content/in-text-referencing-in-an-essay-or-dissertation